Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/278850555?client_source=feed&format=rss
বুধবার, ২৩ জানুয়ারি, ২০১৩
Regular aspirin use linked to increased risk of age-related macular degeneration
Jan. 21, 2013 ? Regular aspirin use appears to be associated with an increased risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is a leading cause of blindness in older people, and it appears to be independent of a history of cardiovascular disease and smoking, according to a report published Online First by JAMA Internal Medicine.
Aspirin is one of the most widely used medications in the world and is commonly used in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, such as myocardial infarction (heart attack) and ischemic stroke. While a recent study suggested that regular aspirin use was associated with AMD, particularly the more visually devastating neovascular (wet) form, other studies have reported inconsistent findings. Smoking is also a preventable risk factor for AMD, the authors write in the study background.
Gerald Liew, Ph.D., of the University of Sydney, Australia, and colleagues examined whether regular aspirin use (defined as once or more per week in the past year) was associated with a higher risk of developing AMD by conducting a prospective analysis of data from an Australian study that included four examinations during a 15-year period. Of 2,389 participants, 257 individuals (10.8 percent) were regular aspirin users.
After the 15-year follow-up, 63 individuals (24.5 percent) developed incident neovascular AMD, according to the results.
"The cumulative incidence of neovascular AMD among nonregular aspirin users was 0.8 percent at five years, 1.6 percent at 10 years, and 3.7 percent at 15 years; among regular aspirin users, the cumulative incidence was 1.9 percent at five years, 7 percent at 10 years and 9.3 percent at 15 years, respectively," the authors note. "Regular aspirin use was significantly associated with an increased incidence of neovascular AMD."
The authors note that any decision concerning whether to stop aspirin therapy is "complex and needs to be individualized."
"Currently, there is insufficient evidence to recommend changing clinical practice, except perhaps in patients with strong risk factors for neovascular AMD (e.g., existing late AMD in the fellow eye) in whom it may be appropriate to raise the potentially small risk of incident neovascular AMD with long-term aspirin therapy," the authors conclude.
Commentary: Relationship of Aspirin Use with Age-Related Macular Degeneration
In an invited commentary, Sanjay Kaul, M.D., and George A. Diamond, M.D., of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, write: "This study has important strengths and limitations. It provides evidence from the largest prospective cohort with more than five years of longitudinal evaluation reported to date using objective and standardized ascertainment of AMD."
"The key limitation is the nonrandomized design of the study with its potential for residual (unmeasured or unobserved) confounding that cannot be mitigated by multivariate logistic regression or propensity score analysis," the authors continue.
"From a purely science-of-medicine perspective, the strength of evidence is not sufficiently robust to be clinically directive. These findings are, at best, hypothesis-generating that should await validation in prospective randomized studies before guiding clinical practice or patient behavior," the authors conclude. "However, from an art-of-medicine perspective, based on the limited amount of available evidence, there are some courses of action available to the thoughtful clinician. In the absence of definitive evidence regarding whether limiting aspirin exposure mitigates AMD risk, one obvious course of action is to maintain the status quo."
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by JAMA and Archives Journals.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal References:
- Gerald Liew et al. The Association of Aspirin Use With Age-Related Macular DegenerationAssociation of Aspirin With Macular Degeneration. JAMA Internal Medicine, 2013; : 1 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.1583
- Sanjay Kaul and George A. Diamond. Relationship of Aspirin Use With Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Association or Causation? Aspirin and AMD: Association or. JAMA Internal Medicine, 2013; : 1 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.2530Comment on ?The Association of Aspirin Use With Age-Related Macular Degeneration?
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/NHiNh-5-QQw/130121161917.htm
মঙ্গলবার, ২২ জানুয়ারি, ২০১৩
Obama pledges to deal with climate change
WASHINGTON (AP) ? President Barack Obama pledged in his inaugural address Monday to respond to the threat of climate change, saying the "failure to do so would betray our children and future generations."
By singling out climate change for several lines of his speech, he is taking on an issue that he acknowledges was often overlooked during his first term and setting up a confrontation with congressional Republicans who have opposed legislative efforts to curb global warming.
"Some may still deny the overwhelming judgment of science" that global warming exists and has human causes, Obama said, "but none can avoid the devastating impact of raging fires and crippling drought and more powerful storms."
The president has pledged to boost renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, along with more traditional energy sources such as coal, oil and natural gas.
"The path towards sustainable energy sources will be long and sometimes difficult. But America cannot resist this transition. We must lead it," Obama said.
He said developing new energy technologies will lead to jobs and new industries. "That is how we will preserve our planet," he said.
Environmental groups hailed Obama's new focus on climate change but said the president's words will soon be tested as he decides whether to approve the Keystone XL oil pipeline from Canada.
Obama blocked the pipeline last year, citing uncertainty over the project's route through environmentally sensitive land in Nebraska. The State Department has federal jurisdiction because the $7 billion pipeline begins in Canada.
Republicans and many business groups say the project would help achieve energy independence for North America and create thousands of jobs.
But environmental groups say the pipeline would transport "dirty oil" from tar sands in Alberta, Canada, and produce heat-trapping gases that contribute to global warming. They also worry about a possible spill.
"Starting with rejecting the Keystone XL pipeline, the president must make fighting global warming a central priority," Margie Alt, executive director of Environment America, said Monday.
Alt and other environmental leaders said they are counting on Obama to set tough limits on carbon pollution from coal-fired power plants and to continue federal investments in renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power.
Obama tried and failed in his first term to get a climate change bill through Congress. Some Democratic lawmakers and environmentalists have pushed for a tax on carbon pollution, but White House officials say they have no plan to propose one.
Scott Segal, an energy lobbyist who represents utilities and natural gas drillers, said Obama "missed the opportunity to remind listeners that climate change is an international phenomenon" that will require international solutions.
By imposing "inflexible" national policies to curb climate change, Obama could restrain the U.S. economy without delivering promised solutions, Segal said.
___
Follow Matthew Daly on Twitter: https://twitter.com/MatthewDalyWDC
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/obama-pledges-deal-climate-change-171753568--politics.html
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সোমবার, ২১ জানুয়ারি, ২০১৩
NPC Thread
In 9:30, Ferelden experienced its? fifth Blight. [more info inside.]
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Forum for completely Out of Character (OOC) discussion, based around whatever is happening In Character (IC). Discuss plans, storylines, and events; Recruit for your roleplaying game, or find a GM for your playergroup.Okay, obviously, this thread is as the title says. Here, you can create NPC's such as valuable/important people who will appear throughout the RP, or just to create some random human/elf/dwarf and then kill them off. The choice is yours. Also, NPC's will be controlled by anyone unless told otherwise. This thread is mainly so that you can create another character without the process of a long character sheet or just to introduce certain key/non-key characters.
For example, I plan on making a Dwarf (who will be the counterpart to Oghren! Love the little bastard XD) later who will be introduced during the Deep Roads part of the Role-play. Of course he can be controlled by anyone, however; there are terms to how and if I decide to have him killed. I hope some of this makes some sense as I am extremely tired. I will come back and edit this when I wake up, but for the time being, deal with it XD
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"And she spoke, 'What is life's purpose?' to which he replied, 'It has no purpose. We live, we die. It's as simple as that.'"
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Super Hexagon tops Android Games of the Week
What a week it has been for Android releases! Not only do we get excellent sequels like Trial Xtreme 3, but we also get a fantastic and challenging arcade indie game from indie rock star Terry Cavanagh. It?s a game of pure, unadulterated challenge. If that?s not for you, we?ve also got an Android port of King?s Bounty: Legions, a casual puzzler with blobs in it, an impossibly casual roguelike, and an action-packed scrolling shooter full of zombies.
It?s been quite a while since Deemedya and Galapogos released Trial Xtreme 2, probably the most popular Android foil to the Trials HD PC/console racing series. The sequel is finally here and with massive improvements. The core gameplay still comes complete with the same old hardcore, obstacle-filled, challenging race courses. The new bits include biker and bike customization options, sharper visuals, and a re-done physics engine that seems more realistic than the last two games (which I found lacking). You can even race against the best runs of your friends or top leaderboard placers to prove your mad skills. Best of all, this time around the full game is totally free.
Mobile game developers Robot Invader impressed everyone with their debut Android title Wind-Up Knight, a clever and challenging auto-runner. With that success came high expectations for their next title, which is finally here. Rise of the Blobs is an interesting casual puzzler, in the vein of Tetris or Bust-a-Move. It has you dropping fruit onto matching colored blobs that are rising up, likely to devour you horribly, from a primordial pool of lava. After a blob has its fruit, you tap to pop it, which pops any blobs touching it of the same color. Usual tropes like bomb pieces come along, and all in all it?s a nice game with a charming aesthetic. It does to unexpectedly ramp up in difficulty quite quick, though.
This is the latest game from Com2Us. It?s a side-scrolling shooter that puts you in the blood-stained shoes of the last human survivor of a zombie apocalypse. You are always moving to some degree with the scrolling screen, but still have full range movement and aiming capabilities. As you mow enemies down, you?ll collect tons of weapons, get into different vehicles, and don better armor. Gameplay is simple and fun, and the art style is hilariously serious and gritty while also being cartoony. It?s basic, over the top arcade action at its best. Although, the game is surprisingly incompatible with many common Android devices.
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Source: http://www.androidapps.com/games/articles/13150-super-hexagon-tops-android-games-of-the-week
Vuvuzelas blare again as SAfrica opens African Cup
By GERALD IMRAY
AP Sports Writer
Associated Press Sports
updated 11:02 a.m. ET Jan. 19, 2013
JOHANNESBURG (AP) -South Africa's vuvuzelas blared again at Soccer City on Saturday as the former World Cup host opened the African Cup of Nations with the distinct sound that grabbed the globe's attention three years ago.
A huge wooden puppet of a boy in a red t-shirt with a football at his feet watched over the 40-minute opening ceremony which started with dancers knocking over walls. Hundreds of energetic performers wore traditional African outfits with acrobats bouncing on trampolines - which then turned into the flags of the 16 countries competing at Africa's top tournament.
Through it all, the sound of the bleating vuvuzelas, South African football's most famous and recognizable item, was near constant from fans watching in light rain on the bright orange seats of the stadium near Soweto that hosted the 2010 World Cup final.
The end of each section of the ceremony was greeted loudly by the horns as supporters began to fill the cavernous stadium for the opening game between the host and tournament first-timer Cape Verde.
South African president Jacob Zuma was at the stadium, and organizers said the opening game was an 87,000 sellout.
After the dancing and singing, history-making double amputee athlete Oscar Pistorius, who competed at the London Olympics last year, led out a group of children carrying the flag of the Confederation of African Football, Africa's football body and the organizers of the Cup of Nations.
At one point after the main part of the ceremony, an announcer had to ask the crowd to stop blowing their vuvuzelas for the African Union anthem to be played. The fans obeyed, and then burst into more horn blowing at the end of the anthem.
Earlier, the dancers had knocked over fake stone walls representing some of the continent's challenges and were inscribed with the words poverty, illiteracy, disease and famine.
People carrying giant red blue, green, yellow and white balls then weaved in and out in an elaborate act that ended with them creating an image of South Africa's multi-colored flag.
Persistent rain earlier had forced fans wearing the yellow shirts of South Africa's national team, Bafana Bafana, into the shelter of the inner parts of the stadium, but the ceremony drew them out to blow on their vuvuzelas and cheer the performers.
The noise reached a crescendo as the first South African players emerged from the tunnel to warm up on the pitch after the opening ceremony, then turned quickly to some boos when Cape Verde's players ran out.
South Africa's game with Cape Verde, which has qualified for a major tournament for the first time in its history, will be followed Saturday at Soccer City by the other opening Group A game, Morocco versus Angola.
? 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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Vuvuzelas blare again as SAfrica opens African Cup
JOHANNESBURG (AP) -South Africa's vuvuzelas blared again at Soccer City on Saturday as the former World Cup host opened the African Cup of Nations with the distinct sound that grabbed the globe's attention three years ago.
Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/50518011/ns/sports-soccer/
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রবিবার, ২০ জানুয়ারি, ২০১৩
Wild animals may contribute to the resurgence of African sleeping sickness
Friday, January 18, 2013
Wild animals may be a key contributor to the continuing spread of African sleeping sickness, new research published in PLOS Computational Biology shows. The West African form of the disease, also known as Gambiense Human African trypanosomiasis, affects around 10,000 people in Africa every year and is deadly if left untreated.
The disease is caused by a brain-invading parasite transmitted by bites of the tsetse fly, and gets its name from the hallmark symptoms of drowsiness and altered sleeping patterns that affect late-stage patients, along with other physical and neurological manifestations including manic episodes and hallucinations that eventually lead to coma and death.
Despite numerous previous studies showing that animals can be infected with the parasite, the prevailing view has been that the disease persisted in its traditional areas almost only because of human-to-human transmission. A new study, from an international team of researchers led by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, challenges this assumption by using a mathematical model to show that the disease not only can persist in an area even when there are no human cases, but probably requires the presence of infected wild animals to maintain the chain of transmission. The authors' model was based on data collected in active screening campaigns between November 1998 and February 1999 in the Bipindi area of Cameroon. One of the species in the data group was the White-eyelid mangabey, pictured below.
The research provides an attractive explanation for why sleeping sickness survives in places which have undergone intensive efforts to find and treat infected people in the community. It suggests that efforts to eliminate the disease must factor in the wild animal populations.
"This research suggests that targeting human populations alone, the main current control strategy, might not be enough to control the disease," says Sebastian Funk, the lead author of the study. "Maintenance of transmission in wild animal populations could explain the reappearance of sleeping sickness in humans after years without cases."
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Public Library of Science: http://www.plos.org
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